kumquat-buildroot/docs/manual/adding-packages-generic.txt
Thomas Petazzoni b6009b94ca docs/manual: update to mention the multiple patches support
After the modification of the <pkg>_PATCH semantic, let's update the
documentation accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Korsgaard <jacmet@sunsite.dk>
2013-01-07 21:31:07 +01:00

396 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext

// -*- mode:doc; -*-
Infrastructure for packages with specific build systems
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
By 'packages with specific build systems' we mean all the packages
whose build system is not one of the standard ones, such as
'autotools' or 'CMake'. This typically includes packages whose build
system is based on hand-written Makefiles or shell scripts.
[[generic-package-tutorial]]
+generic-package+ Tutorial
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
------------------------------
01: #############################################################
02: #
03: # libfoo
04: #
05: #############################################################
06: LIBFOO_VERSION = 1.0
07: LIBFOO_SOURCE = libfoo-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.gz
08: LIBFOO_SITE = http://www.foosoftware.org/download
09: LIBFOO_LICENSE = GPLv3+
10: LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES = COPYING
11: LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING = YES
12: LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES = host-libaaa libbbb
13:
14: define LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS
15: $(MAKE) CC="$(TARGET_CC)" LD="$(TARGET_LD)" -C $(@D) all
16: endef
17:
18: define LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS
19: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.a $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/lib/libfoo.a
20: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0644 $(@D)/foo.h $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/include/foo.h
21: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.so* $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/lib
22: endef
23:
24: define LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS
25: $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/libfoo.so* $(TARGET_DIR)/usr/lib
26: $(INSTALL) -d -m 0755 $(TARGET_DIR)/etc/foo.d
27: endef
28:
29: define LIBFOO_DEVICES
30: /dev/foo c 666 0 0 42 0 - - -
31: endef
32:
33: define LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS
34: /bin/foo f 4755 0 0 - - - - -
35: endef
36:
37: $(eval $(generic-package))
--------------------------------
The Makefile begins on line 6 to 10 with metadata information: the
version of the package (+LIBFOO_VERSION+), the name of the
tarball containing the package (+LIBFOO_SOURCE+) the
Internet location at which the tarball can be downloaded from
(+LIBFOO_SITE+), the license (+LIBFOO_LICENSE+) and file with the
license text (+LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES+). All variables must start with
the same prefix, +LIBFOO_+ in this case. This prefix is always the
uppercased version of the package name (see below to understand where
the package name is defined).
On line 11, we specify that this package wants to install something to
the staging space. This is often needed for libraries, since they must
install header files and other development files in the staging space.
This will ensure that the commands listed in the
+LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ variable will be executed.
On line 12, we specify the list of dependencies this package relies
on. These dependencies are listed in terms of lower-case package names,
which can be packages for the target (without the +host-+
prefix) or packages for the host (with the +host-+) prefix).
Buildroot will ensure that all these packages are built and installed
'before' the current package starts its configuration.
The rest of the Makefile, lines 14..27, defines what should be done
at the different steps of the package configuration, compilation and
installation.
+LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS+ tells what steps should be performed to
build the package. +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ tells what
steps should be performed to install the package in the staging space.
+LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+ tells what steps should be
performed to install the package in the target space.
All these steps rely on the +$(@D)+ variable, which
contains the directory where the source code of the package has been
extracted.
On line 29..31, we define a device-node file used by this package
(+LIBFOO_DEVICES+).
On line 33..35, we define the permissions to set to specific files
installed by this package (+LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS+).
Finally, on line 37, we call the +generic-package+ function, which
generates, according to the variables defined previously, all the
Makefile code necessary to make your package working.
[[generic-package-reference]]
+generic-package+ Reference
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There are two variants of the generic target. The +generic-package+ macro is
used for packages to be cross-compiled for the target. The
+host-generic-package+ macro is used for host packages, natively compiled
for the host. It is possible to call both of them in a single +.mk+
file: once to create the rules to generate a target
package and once to create the rules to generate a host package:
----------------------
$(eval $(generic-package))
$(eval $(host-generic-package))
----------------------
This might be useful if the compilation of the target package requires
some tools to be installed on the host. If the package name is
+libfoo+, then the name of the package for the target is also
+libfoo+, while the name of the package for the host is
+host-libfoo+. These names should be used in the DEPENDENCIES
variables of other packages, if they depend on +libfoo+ or
+host-libfoo+.
The call to the +generic-package+ and/or +host-generic-package+ macro *must* be
at the end of the +.mk+ file, after all variable definitions.
For the target package, the +generic-package+ uses the variables defined by
the .mk file and prefixed by the uppercased package name:
+LIBFOO_*+. +host-generic-package+ uses the +HOST_LIBFOO_*+ variables. For
'some' variables, if the +HOST_LIBFOO_+ prefixed variable doesn't
exist, the package infrastructure uses the corresponding variable
prefixed by +LIBFOO_+. This is done for variables that are likely to
have the same value for both the target and host packages. See below
for details.
The list of variables that can be set in a +.mk+ file to give metadata
information is (assuming the package name is +libfoo+) :
* +LIBFOO_VERSION+, mandatory, must contain the version of the
package. Note that if +HOST_LIBFOO_VERSION+ doesn't exist, it is
assumed to be the same as +LIBFOO_VERSION+. It can also be a
revision number, branch or tag for packages that are fetched
directly from their revision control system. +
Examples: +
+LIBFOO_VERSION = 0.1.2+ +
+LIBFOO_VERSION = cb9d6aa9429e838f0e54faa3d455bcbab5eef057+ +
+LIBFOO_VERSION = stable+
* +LIBFOO_SOURCE+ may contain the name of the tarball of
the package. If +HOST_LIBFOO_SOURCE+ is not specified, it
defaults to +LIBFOO_SOURCE+. If none are specified, then
the value is assumed to be
+packagename-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.gz+. +
Example: +LIBFOO_SOURCE = foobar-$(LIBFOO_VERSION).tar.bz2+
* +LIBFOO_PATCH+ may contain a space-separated list of patch file
names, that will be downloaded from the same location as the tarball
indicated in +LIBFOO_SOURCE+, and then applied to the package source
code. If +HOST_LIBFOO_PATCH+ is not specified, it defaults to
+LIBFOO_PATCH+. Note that patches that are included in Buildroot
itself use a different mechanism: all files of the form
+<packagename>-*.patch+ present in the package directory inside
Buildroot will be applied to the package after extraction (see
xref:patch-policy[patching a package]). Finally, patches listed in
the +LIBFOO_PATCH+ variable are applied _before_ the patches stored
in the Buildroot package directory.
* +LIBFOO_SITE+ provides the location of the package, which can be a
URL or a local filesystem path. HTTP, FTP and SCP are supported URL
types for retrieving package tarballs. Git, Subversion, Mercurial,
and Bazaar are supported URL types for retrieving packages directly
from source code management systems. A filesystem path may be used
to specify either a tarball or a directory containing the package
source code. See +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ below for more details on how
retrieval works. +
Note that SCP URLs should be of the form
+scp://[user@]host:filepath+, and that filepath is relative to the
user's home directory, so you may want to prepend the path with a
slash for absolute paths:
+scp://[user@]host:/absolutepath+. +
If +HOST_LIBFOO_SITE+ is not specified, it defaults to
+LIBFOO_SITE+.
Examples: +
+LIBFOO_SITE=http://www.libfoosoftware.org/libfoo+ +
+LIBFOO_SITE=http://svn.xiph.org/trunk/Tremor/+ +
+LIBFOO_SITE=git://github.com/kergoth/tslib.git+ +
+LIBFOO_SITE=/opt/software/libfoo.tar.gz+ +
+LIBFOO_SITE=$(TOPDIR)/../src/libfoo/+
* +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ determines the method used to fetch or copy the
package source code. In many cases, Buildroot guesses the method
from the contents of +LIBFOO_SITE+ and setting +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+
is unnecessary. When +HOST_LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ is not specified, it
defaults to the value of +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+. +
The possible values of +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD+ are:
** +wget+ for normal FTP/HTTP downloads of tarballs. Used by
default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +http://+, +https://+ or
+ftp://+.
** +scp+ for downloads of tarballs over SSH with scp. Used by
default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +scp://+.
** +svn+ for retrieving source code from a Subversion repository.
Used by default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +svn://+. When a
+http://+ Subversion repository URL is specified in
+LIBFOO_SITE+, one 'must' specify +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD=svn+.
Buildroot performs a checkout which is preserved as a tarball in
the download cache; subsequent builds use the tarball instead of
performing another checkout.
** +git+ for retrieving source code from a Git repository. Used by
default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +git://+. The downloaded
source code is cached as with the +svn+
method.
** +hg+ for retrieving source code from a Mercurial repository. One
'must' specify +LIBFOO_SITE_METHOD=hg+ when +LIBFOO_SITE+
contains a Mercurial repository URL. The downloaded source code
is cached as with the +svn+ method.
** +bzr+ for retrieving source code from a Bazaar repository. Used
by default when +LIBFOO_SITE+ begins with +bzr://+. The
downloaded source code is cached as with the +svn+ method.
** +file+ for a local tarball. One should use this when
+LIBFOO_SITE+ specifies a package tarball as a local filename.
Useful for software that isn't available publicly or in version
control.
** +local+ for a local source code directory. One should use this
when +LIBFOO_SITE+ specifies a local directory path containing
the package source code. Buildroot copies the contents of the
source directory into the package's build directory.
* +LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES+ lists the dependencies (in terms of package
name) that are required for the current target package to
compile. These dependencies are guaranteed to be compiled and
installed before the configuration of the current package starts. In
a similar way, +HOST_LIBFOO_DEPENDENCIES+ lists the dependencies for
the current host package.
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING+ can be set to +YES+ or +NO+ (default). If
set to +YES+, then the commands in the +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+
variables are executed to install the package into the staging
directory.
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET+ can be set to +YES+ (default) or +NO+. If
set to +YES+, then the commands in the +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+
variables are executed to install the package into the target
directory.
* +LIBFOO_DEVICES+ lists the device files to be created by Buildroot
when using the static device table. The syntax to use is the
makedevs one. You can find some documentation for this syntax in the
xref:makedev-syntax[]. This variable is optional.
* +LIBFOO_PERMISSIONS+ lists the changes of permissions to be done at
the end of the build process. The syntax is once again the makedevs one.
You can find some documentation for this syntax in the xref:makedev-syntax[].
This variable is optional.
* +LIBFOO_LICENSE+ defines the license (or licenses) under which the package
is released.
This name will appear in the manifest file produced by +make legal-info+.
If the license appears in xref:legal-info-list-licenses[the following list],
use the same string to make the manifest file uniform.
Otherwise, describe the license in a precise and concise way, avoiding
ambiguous names such as +BSD+ which actually name a family of licenses.
This variable is optional. If it is not defined, +unknown+ will appear in
the +license+ field of the manifest file for this package.
* +LIBFOO_LICENSE_FILES+ is a space-separated list of files in the package
tarball that contain the license(s) under which the package is released.
+make legal-info+ copies all of these files in the +legal-info+ directory.
See xref:legal-info[] for more information.
This variable is optional. If it is not defined, a warning will be produced
to let you know, and +not saved+ will appear in the +license files+ field
of the manifest file for this package.
* +LIBFOO_REDISTRIBUTE+ can be set to +YES+ (default) or +NO+ to indicate if
the package source code is allowed to be redistributed. Set it to +NO+ for
non-opensource packages: Buildroot will not save the source code for this
package when collecting the +legal-info+.
The recommended way to define these variables is to use the following
syntax:
----------------------
LIBFOO_VERSION = 2.32
----------------------
Now, the variables that define what should be performed at the
different steps of the build process.
* +LIBFOO_CONFIGURE_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to
configure the package before its compilation.
* +LIBFOO_BUILD_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed to
compile the package.
* +HOST_LIBFOO_INSTALL_CMDS+ lists the actions to be performed
to install the package, when the package is a host package. The
package must install its files to the directory given by
+$(HOST_DIR)+. All files, including development files such as
headers should be installed, since other packages might be compiled
on top of this package.
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+ lists the actions to be
performed to install the package to the target directory, when the
package is a target package. The package must install its files to
the directory given by +$(TARGET_DIR)+. Only the files required for
'execution' of the package have to be
installed. Header files, static libraries and documentation will be
removed again when the target filesystem is finalized.
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ lists the actions to be
performed to install the package to the staging directory, when the
package is a target package. The package must install its files to
the directory given by +$(STAGING_DIR)+. All development files
should be installed, since they might be needed to compile other
packages.
* +LIBFOO_CLEAN_CMDS+, lists the actions to perform to clean up
the build directory of the package.
* +LIBFOO_UNINSTALL_TARGET_CMDS+ lists the actions to
uninstall the package from the target directory +$(TARGET_DIR)+
* +LIBFOO_UNINSTALL_STAGING_CMDS+ lists the actions to
uninstall the package from the staging directory +$(STAGING_DIR)+.
* +LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSV+ and +LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSTEMD+ list the
actions to install init scripts either for the systemV-like init systems
(busybox, sysvinit, etc.) or for the systemd units. These commands
will be run only when the relevant init system is installed (i.e. if
systemd is selected as the init system in the configuration, only
+LIBFOO_INSTALL_INIT_SYSTEMD+ will be run).
The preferred way to define these variables is:
----------------------
define LIBFOO_CONFIGURE_CMDS
action 1
action 2
action 3
endef
----------------------
In the action definitions, you can use the following variables:
* +$(@D)+, which contains the directory in which the package source
code has been uncompressed.
* +$(TARGET_CC)+, +$(TARGET_LD)+, etc. to get the target
cross-compilation utilities
* +$(TARGET_CROSS)+ to get the cross-compilation toolchain prefix
* Of course the +$(HOST_DIR)+, +$(STAGING_DIR)+ and +$(TARGET_DIR)+
variables to install the packages properly.
The last feature of the generic infrastructure is the ability to add
hooks. These define further actions to perform after existing steps.
Most hooks aren't really useful for generic packages, since the +.mk+
file already has full control over the actions performed in each step
of the package construction. The hooks are more useful for packages
using the autotools infrastructure described below. However, since
they are provided by the generic infrastructure, they are documented
here. The exception is +LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_HOOKS+. Patching the
package and producing legal info are not user definable, so
+LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_HOOKS+ and +LIBFOO_POST_LEGAL_INFO_HOOKS+ are
useful for generic packages.
The following hook points are available:
* +LIBFOO_POST_DOWNLOAD_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_POST_EXTRACT_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_PRE_PATCH_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_PRE_CONFIGURE_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_POST_CONFIGURE_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_POST_BUILD_HOOKS+
* +LIBFOO_POST_INSTALL_HOOKS+ (for host packages only)
* +LIBFOO_POST_INSTALL_STAGING_HOOKS+ (for target packages only)
* +LIBFOO_POST_INSTALL_TARGET_HOOKS+ (for target packages only)
* +LIBFOO_POST_LEGAL_INFO_HOOKS+
These variables are 'lists' of variable names containing actions to be
performed at this hook point. This allows several hooks to be
registered at a given hook point. Here is an example:
----------------------
define LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_FIXUP
action1
action2
endef
LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_HOOKS += LIBFOO_POST_PATCH_FIXUP
----------------------