2012-11-11 04:14:42 +01:00
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// -*- mode:doc; -*-
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// vim: set syntax=asciidoc:
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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manual: use one-line titles instead of two-line titles (trivial)
Asciidoc supports two syntaxes for section titles: two-line titles (title
plus underline consisting of a particular symbol), and one-line titles
(title prefixed with a specific number of = signs).
The two-line title underlines are:
Level 0 (top level): ======================
Level 1: ----------------------
Level 2: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Level 3: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Level 4 (bottom level): ++++++++++++++++++++++
and the one-line title prefixes:
= Document Title (level 0) =
== Section title (level 1) ==
=== Section title (level 2) ===
==== Section title (level 3) ====
===== Section title (level 4) =====
The buildroot manual is currenly using the two-line titles, but this has
multiple disadvantages:
- asciidoc also uses some of the underline symbols for other purposes (like
preformatted code, example blocks, ...), which makes it difficult to do
mass replacements, such as a planned follow-up patch that needs to move
all sections one level down.
- it is difficult to remember which level a given underline symbol (=-~^+)
corresponds to, while counting = signs is easy.
This patch changes all two-level titles to one-level titles in the manual.
The bulk of the change was done with the following Python script, except for
the level 1 titles (-----) as these underlines are also used for literal
code blocks.
This patch only changes the titles, no other changes. In
adding-packages-directory.txt, I did add missing newlines between some
titles and their content.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
import mmap
import re
for input in sys.argv[1:]:
f = open(input, 'r+')
f.flush()
s = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(), 0)
# Level 0 (top level): ====================== =
# Level 1: ---------------------- ==
# Level 2: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ===
# Level 3: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ====
# Level 4 (bottom level): ++++++++++++++++++++++ =====
def replace_title(s, symbol, replacement):
pattern = re.compile(r'(.+\n)\%s{2,}\n' % symbol, re.MULTILINE)
return pattern.sub(r'%s \1' % replacement, s)
new = s
new = replace_title(new, '=', '=')
new = replace_title(new, '+', '=====')
new = replace_title(new, '^', '====')
new = replace_title(new, '~', '===')
#new = replace_title(new, '-', '==')
s.seek(0)
s.write(new)
s.resize(s.tell())
s.close()
f.close()
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Signed-off-by: Thomas De Schampheleire <thomas.de.schampheleire@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Korsgaard <peter@korsgaard.com>
2014-05-02 07:47:30 +02:00
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== Using Buildroot
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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Buildroot has a nice configuration tool similar to the one you can
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find in the http://www.kernel.org/[Linux kernel] or in
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2012-11-11 04:14:44 +01:00
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http://www.busybox.net/[Busybox]. Note that you can *and should build
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everything as a normal user*. There is no need to be root to configure
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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and use Buildroot. The first step is to run the configuration
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assistant:
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--------------------
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$ make menuconfig
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--------------------
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2013-12-09 01:07:40 +01:00
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or
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--------------------
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$ make nconfig
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--------------------
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to run the old or new curses-based configurator, or
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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--------------------
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$ make xconfig
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--------------------
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or
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--------------------
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$ make gconfig
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--------------------
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to run the Qt or GTK-based configurators.
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All of these "make" commands will need to build a configuration
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2012-11-11 04:14:44 +01:00
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utility (including the interface), so you may need to install
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"development" packages for relevant libraries used by the
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2012-11-27 12:59:16 +01:00
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configuration utilities. Check xref:requirement[] to know what
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Buildroot needs, and specifically the xref:requirement-optional[optional requirements]
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to get the dependencies of your favorite interface.
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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For each menu entry in the configuration tool, you can find associated
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help that describes the purpose of the entry.
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Once everything is configured, the configuration tool generates a
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+.config+ file that contains the description of your
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configuration. It will be used by the Makefiles to do what's needed.
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Let's go:
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--------------------
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$ make
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--------------------
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You *should never* use +make -jN+ with Buildroot: it does not support
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'top-level parallel make'. Instead, use the +BR2_JLEVEL+ option to
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tell Buildroot to run each package compilation with +make -jN+.
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2012-11-27 12:59:16 +01:00
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The `make` command will generally perform the following steps:
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2012-11-27 12:59:16 +01:00
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* download source files (as required);
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* configure, build and install the cross-compiling toolchain using the
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appropriate toolchain backend, or simply import an external toolchain;
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* build/install selected target packages;
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* build a kernel image, if selected;
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* build a bootloader image, if selected;
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* create a root filesystem in selected formats.
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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Buildroot output is stored in a single directory, +output/+.
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This directory contains several subdirectories:
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* +images/+ where all the images (kernel image, bootloader and root
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filesystem images) are stored.
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2014-03-26 19:46:09 +01:00
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* +build/+ where all the components are built
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(this includes tools needed to run Buildroot on
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the host and packages compiled for the target). The +build/+
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directory contains one subdirectory for each of these components.
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* +staging/+ which contains a hierarchy similar to a root filesystem
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hierarchy. This directory contains the installation of the
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cross-compilation toolchain and all the userspace packages selected
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for the target. However, this directory is 'not' intended to be
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the root filesystem for the target: it contains a lot of development
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files, unstripped binaries and libraries that make it far too big
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for an embedded system. These development files are used to compile
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libraries and applications for the target that depend on other
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libraries.
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* +target/+ which contains 'almost' the complete root filesystem for
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the target: everything needed is present except the device files in
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+/dev/+ (Buildroot can't create them because Buildroot doesn't run
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2012-11-27 12:59:18 +01:00
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as root and doesn't want to run as root). Also, it doesn't have the correct
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permissions (e.g. setuid for the busybox binary). Therefore, this directory
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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*should not be used on your target*. Instead, you should use one of
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the images built in the +images/+ directory. If you need an
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extracted image of the root filesystem for booting over NFS, then
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use the tarball image generated in +images/+ and extract it as
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root. Compared to +staging/+, +target/+ contains only the files and
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libraries needed to run the selected target applications: the
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2012-11-27 12:59:17 +01:00
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development files (headers, etc.) are not present, the binaries are
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stripped.
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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* +host/+ contains the installation of tools compiled for the host
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that are needed for the proper execution of Buildroot, including the
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cross-compilation toolchain.
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2013-12-09 01:07:40 +01:00
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These commands, +make menuconfig|nconfig|gconfig|xconfig+ and +make+, are the
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2012-11-11 04:14:44 +01:00
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basic ones that allow to easily and quickly generate images fitting
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your needs, with all the supports and applications you enabled.
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2011-10-10 10:46:39 +02:00
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2012-11-11 04:14:44 +01:00
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More details about the "make" command usage are given in
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xref:make-tips[].
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