kumquat-buildroot/support/download/helpers

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support/download: add helper to generate a reproducible archive We currently need to generate reproducible archives in at least two locations: the git and svn download backends. We also know of some future potential use (e.g. the other download backends, like cvs, or in the upcoming download post-processors for vendoring, like cargo and go). However, we are currently limited to a narrow range of tar versions that we support, to create reproducible archives, because the gnu format we use has changed with tar 1.30. As a consequence, and as time advances, more and more distros are, or will eventually start, shipping with tar 1.30 or later, and thus we need to always build our on host-tar. Now, thanks to some grunt work by Vincent, we have a set of options that we can pass tar, to generate reproducible archives back from tar-1.27 and up through tar-1.32, the latest released version. However, those options are non-trivial, so we do not want to have to repeat those (and maintain them) in multiple locations. Introduce a helper that can generate a reproducible archive from an input directory. The --pax-option, to set specific PAX headers, does not accept RFC2822 timestamps which value are too away from some fixed point (set atcompile-time?): tar: Time stamp is out of allowed range However, the same timestamps passed as strict compliant ISO 8601 are accepted, so that's what we expect as a date format. Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr> Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> Acked-by: Arnout Vandecappelle (Essensium/Mind) <arnout@mind.be> Reviewed-by: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> ---8<------8<------8<------8<--- # Here is a Makefile used to test all the versions of tar, with # different output formats and different sets of options: # Versions prior to 1.27 do not build on recent machines, because # 'gets()' got removed (rightfully so), so don't count them as # candidates. VERSIONS = 1.27 1.27.1 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 DATE = Thu 21 May 2020 06:44:11 PM CEST TARS = \ $(patsubst %,test_gnu_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_paxoption_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) all: $(TARS) sha1sum $(^) .INTERMEDIATE: test_%.tar test_gnu_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=gnu \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_paxoption_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ --pax-option='delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime' \ --pax-option='exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={$(DATE)}' \ -T list \ >$(@) list: .FORCE list: test (cd test && find . -not -type d ) |LC_ALL=C sort >$(@) LONG = L$$(for i in $$(seq 1 200); do printf 'o'; done)ng test: .FORCE test: rm -rf test mkdir -p test/bar echo foo >test/Foo echo bar >test/bar/Bar ln -s bar/Bar test/buz echo long >test/Very-$(LONG)-filename ln test/Very-$(LONG)-filename \ test/short .PRECIOUS: tar.% tar.%: tar-% cd $(<) && ./configure $(MAKE) -C $(<) install -m 0755 $(<)/src/tar $(@) .PRECIOUS: tar-% tar-%: tar-%.tar.gz tar xzf $(<) .PRECIOUS: tar-%.tar.gz tar-%.tar.gz: wget "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/$(@)" .FORCE: clean: rm -rf tar-* tar.* test_* test list ---8<------8<------8<------8<---
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# Generate a reproducible archive from the content of a directory
#
# $1 : input directory
# $2 : leading component in archive
# $3 : ISO8601 date: YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZZ
# $4 : output file
# $5... : globs of filenames to exclude from the archive, suitable for
# find's -path option, and relative to the input directory $1
#
# Notes :
# - the timestamp is internally rounded to the highest entire second
# less than or equal to the timestamp (i.e. any sub-second fractional
# part is ignored)
support/download: add helper to generate a reproducible archive We currently need to generate reproducible archives in at least two locations: the git and svn download backends. We also know of some future potential use (e.g. the other download backends, like cvs, or in the upcoming download post-processors for vendoring, like cargo and go). However, we are currently limited to a narrow range of tar versions that we support, to create reproducible archives, because the gnu format we use has changed with tar 1.30. As a consequence, and as time advances, more and more distros are, or will eventually start, shipping with tar 1.30 or later, and thus we need to always build our on host-tar. Now, thanks to some grunt work by Vincent, we have a set of options that we can pass tar, to generate reproducible archives back from tar-1.27 and up through tar-1.32, the latest released version. However, those options are non-trivial, so we do not want to have to repeat those (and maintain them) in multiple locations. Introduce a helper that can generate a reproducible archive from an input directory. The --pax-option, to set specific PAX headers, does not accept RFC2822 timestamps which value are too away from some fixed point (set atcompile-time?): tar: Time stamp is out of allowed range However, the same timestamps passed as strict compliant ISO 8601 are accepted, so that's what we expect as a date format. Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr> Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> Acked-by: Arnout Vandecappelle (Essensium/Mind) <arnout@mind.be> Reviewed-by: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> ---8<------8<------8<------8<--- # Here is a Makefile used to test all the versions of tar, with # different output formats and different sets of options: # Versions prior to 1.27 do not build on recent machines, because # 'gets()' got removed (rightfully so), so don't count them as # candidates. VERSIONS = 1.27 1.27.1 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 DATE = Thu 21 May 2020 06:44:11 PM CEST TARS = \ $(patsubst %,test_gnu_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_paxoption_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) all: $(TARS) sha1sum $(^) .INTERMEDIATE: test_%.tar test_gnu_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=gnu \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_paxoption_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ --pax-option='delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime' \ --pax-option='exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={$(DATE)}' \ -T list \ >$(@) list: .FORCE list: test (cd test && find . -not -type d ) |LC_ALL=C sort >$(@) LONG = L$$(for i in $$(seq 1 200); do printf 'o'; done)ng test: .FORCE test: rm -rf test mkdir -p test/bar echo foo >test/Foo echo bar >test/bar/Bar ln -s bar/Bar test/buz echo long >test/Very-$(LONG)-filename ln test/Very-$(LONG)-filename \ test/short .PRECIOUS: tar.% tar.%: tar-% cd $(<) && ./configure $(MAKE) -C $(<) install -m 0755 $(<)/src/tar $(@) .PRECIOUS: tar-% tar-%: tar-%.tar.gz tar xzf $(<) .PRECIOUS: tar-%.tar.gz tar-%.tar.gz: wget "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/$(@)" .FORCE: clean: rm -rf tar-* tar.* test_* test list ---8<------8<------8<------8<---
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# - must not be called with CWD as, or below, the input directory
# - some temporary files are created in CWD, and removed at the end
#
# Example:
# $ find /path/to/temp/dir
# /path/to/temp/dir/
# /path/to/temp/dir/some-file
# /path/to/temp/dir/some-dir/
# /path/to/temp/dir/some-dir/some-other-file
#
# $ mk_tar_gz /path/to/some/dir \
# foo_bar-1.2.3 \
# 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z \
# /path/to/foo.tar.gz \
# '.git/*' '.svn/*'
#
# $ tar tzf /path/to/foo.tar.gz
# foo_bar-1.2.3/some-file
# foo_bar-1.2.3/some-dir/some-other-file
#
mk_tar_gz() {
local in_dir="${1}"
local base_dir="${2}"
local date="${3}"
local out="${4}"
shift 4
local glob tmp pax_options
local -a find_opts
for glob; do
find_opts+=( -or -path "./${glob#./}" )
done
# Drop sub-second precision to play nice with GNU tar's valid_timespec check
date="$(date -d "${date}" -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00)"
support/download: add helper to generate a reproducible archive We currently need to generate reproducible archives in at least two locations: the git and svn download backends. We also know of some future potential use (e.g. the other download backends, like cvs, or in the upcoming download post-processors for vendoring, like cargo and go). However, we are currently limited to a narrow range of tar versions that we support, to create reproducible archives, because the gnu format we use has changed with tar 1.30. As a consequence, and as time advances, more and more distros are, or will eventually start, shipping with tar 1.30 or later, and thus we need to always build our on host-tar. Now, thanks to some grunt work by Vincent, we have a set of options that we can pass tar, to generate reproducible archives back from tar-1.27 and up through tar-1.32, the latest released version. However, those options are non-trivial, so we do not want to have to repeat those (and maintain them) in multiple locations. Introduce a helper that can generate a reproducible archive from an input directory. The --pax-option, to set specific PAX headers, does not accept RFC2822 timestamps which value are too away from some fixed point (set atcompile-time?): tar: Time stamp is out of allowed range However, the same timestamps passed as strict compliant ISO 8601 are accepted, so that's what we expect as a date format. Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr> Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> Acked-by: Arnout Vandecappelle (Essensium/Mind) <arnout@mind.be> Reviewed-by: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> ---8<------8<------8<------8<--- # Here is a Makefile used to test all the versions of tar, with # different output formats and different sets of options: # Versions prior to 1.27 do not build on recent machines, because # 'gets()' got removed (rightfully so), so don't count them as # candidates. VERSIONS = 1.27 1.27.1 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 DATE = Thu 21 May 2020 06:44:11 PM CEST TARS = \ $(patsubst %,test_gnu_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_paxoption_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) all: $(TARS) sha1sum $(^) .INTERMEDIATE: test_%.tar test_gnu_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=gnu \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_paxoption_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ --pax-option='delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime' \ --pax-option='exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={$(DATE)}' \ -T list \ >$(@) list: .FORCE list: test (cd test && find . -not -type d ) |LC_ALL=C sort >$(@) LONG = L$$(for i in $$(seq 1 200); do printf 'o'; done)ng test: .FORCE test: rm -rf test mkdir -p test/bar echo foo >test/Foo echo bar >test/bar/Bar ln -s bar/Bar test/buz echo long >test/Very-$(LONG)-filename ln test/Very-$(LONG)-filename \ test/short .PRECIOUS: tar.% tar.%: tar-% cd $(<) && ./configure $(MAKE) -C $(<) install -m 0755 $(<)/src/tar $(@) .PRECIOUS: tar-% tar-%: tar-%.tar.gz tar xzf $(<) .PRECIOUS: tar-%.tar.gz tar-%.tar.gz: wget "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/$(@)" .FORCE: clean: rm -rf tar-* tar.* test_* test list ---8<------8<------8<------8<---
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pax_options="delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime"
pax_options+=",exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={${date}}"
tmp="$(mktemp --tmpdir="$(pwd)")"
pushd "${in_dir}" >/dev/null
# Establish list
find . -not -type d -and -not \( -false "${find_opts[@]}" \) >"${tmp}.list"
# Sort list for reproducibility
LC_ALL=C sort <"${tmp}.list" >"${tmp}.sorted"
# Create POSIX tarballs, since that's the format the most reproducible
support/download: fix tarball generation with symlinks pointing to ./something When a --transform expression is provided, it is by default also applied to the target of a symlink. When we create tarballs (from git or svn checkouts), we use a --transform expression to replace the leading ./ with the package name and version. This causes issues when a package contains symlinks that points to ./something, as the leading './' is also replaced. Fix that by using the 'S' transformation scope flag, as described in the tar manual: https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/transform.html#transform In addition, several transformation scope flags are supported, that control to what files transformations apply. These are: ‘r’ Apply transformation to regular archive members. ‘R’ Do not apply transformation to regular archive members. ‘s’ Apply transformation to symbolic link targets. ‘S’ Do not apply transformation to symbolic link targets. ‘h’ Apply transformation to hard link targets. ‘H’ Do not apply transformation to hard link targets. Default is ‘rsh’ [...]. Fixes: #13616 This has been checked to not change any of the existing hash for any of our git-downloaded package (some are host-only, hence the few fixups): ---8<--- $ m="$( git grep -l -E -- -br[[:digit:]]+.tar.gz boot package/ \ |awk -F/ '{print $(NF-1)}' \ |sed -r -e 's/(imx-mkimage|netsurf-buildsystem|prelink-cross|qoriq-rcw|vboot-utils)/host-\1/g' \ -e 's/$/-source/' )" $ make defconfig; make clean; BR2_DL_DIR=$(pwd)/trash-me make ${m} ---8<--- Note: it is unclear what the 'H' flag does nor how it works, because the concept of "target of a hardlink" is not obvious; probably it has to do with how tar internally detects and stores hardlinks. Since we do not yet have any issue with hardlinks, just ignore the problem for now, and postpone until we have an actual issue with a real test-case. Signed-off-by: Jean-pierre Cartal <jpcartal@free.fr> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> [yann.morin.1998@free.fr: - re-indent commit log - add scriptlet to test existing hashes ] Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
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tar cf - --transform="s#^\./#${base_dir}/#S" \
support/download: add helper to generate a reproducible archive We currently need to generate reproducible archives in at least two locations: the git and svn download backends. We also know of some future potential use (e.g. the other download backends, like cvs, or in the upcoming download post-processors for vendoring, like cargo and go). However, we are currently limited to a narrow range of tar versions that we support, to create reproducible archives, because the gnu format we use has changed with tar 1.30. As a consequence, and as time advances, more and more distros are, or will eventually start, shipping with tar 1.30 or later, and thus we need to always build our on host-tar. Now, thanks to some grunt work by Vincent, we have a set of options that we can pass tar, to generate reproducible archives back from tar-1.27 and up through tar-1.32, the latest released version. However, those options are non-trivial, so we do not want to have to repeat those (and maintain them) in multiple locations. Introduce a helper that can generate a reproducible archive from an input directory. The --pax-option, to set specific PAX headers, does not accept RFC2822 timestamps which value are too away from some fixed point (set atcompile-time?): tar: Time stamp is out of allowed range However, the same timestamps passed as strict compliant ISO 8601 are accepted, so that's what we expect as a date format. Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr> Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> Acked-by: Arnout Vandecappelle (Essensium/Mind) <arnout@mind.be> Reviewed-by: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> ---8<------8<------8<------8<--- # Here is a Makefile used to test all the versions of tar, with # different output formats and different sets of options: # Versions prior to 1.27 do not build on recent machines, because # 'gets()' got removed (rightfully so), so don't count them as # candidates. VERSIONS = 1.27 1.27.1 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 DATE = Thu 21 May 2020 06:44:11 PM CEST TARS = \ $(patsubst %,test_gnu_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_paxoption_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) all: $(TARS) sha1sum $(^) .INTERMEDIATE: test_%.tar test_gnu_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=gnu \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_paxoption_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ --pax-option='delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime' \ --pax-option='exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={$(DATE)}' \ -T list \ >$(@) list: .FORCE list: test (cd test && find . -not -type d ) |LC_ALL=C sort >$(@) LONG = L$$(for i in $$(seq 1 200); do printf 'o'; done)ng test: .FORCE test: rm -rf test mkdir -p test/bar echo foo >test/Foo echo bar >test/bar/Bar ln -s bar/Bar test/buz echo long >test/Very-$(LONG)-filename ln test/Very-$(LONG)-filename \ test/short .PRECIOUS: tar.% tar.%: tar-% cd $(<) && ./configure $(MAKE) -C $(<) install -m 0755 $(<)/src/tar $(@) .PRECIOUS: tar-% tar-%: tar-%.tar.gz tar xzf $(<) .PRECIOUS: tar-%.tar.gz tar-%.tar.gz: wget "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/$(@)" .FORCE: clean: rm -rf tar-* tar.* test_* test list ---8<------8<------8<------8<---
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--numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 --mtime="${date}" \
--format=posix --pax-option="${pax_options}" \
-T "${tmp}.sorted" >"${tmp}.tar"
# Compress the archive
gzip -6 -n <"${tmp}.tar" >"${out}"
rm -f "${tmp}"{.list,.sorted,.tar}
popd >/dev/null
}
post_process_unpack() {
local dest="${1}"
local tarball="${2}"
local one_file
mkdir "${dest}"
tar -C "${dest}" --strip-components=1 -xzf "${tarball}"
one_file="$(find "${dest}" -type f -print0 |LC_ALL=C sort -z |sed 's/\x0.*//')"
touch -r "${one_file}" "${dest}.timestamp"
}
post_process_repack() {
local in_dir="${1}"
local base_dir="${2}"
local out="${3}"
local date
date="@$(stat -c '%Y' "${in_dir}/${base_dir}.timestamp")"
mk_tar_gz "${in_dir}/${base_dir}" "${base_dir}" "${date}" "${out}"
}
support/download: add helper to generate a reproducible archive We currently need to generate reproducible archives in at least two locations: the git and svn download backends. We also know of some future potential use (e.g. the other download backends, like cvs, or in the upcoming download post-processors for vendoring, like cargo and go). However, we are currently limited to a narrow range of tar versions that we support, to create reproducible archives, because the gnu format we use has changed with tar 1.30. As a consequence, and as time advances, more and more distros are, or will eventually start, shipping with tar 1.30 or later, and thus we need to always build our on host-tar. Now, thanks to some grunt work by Vincent, we have a set of options that we can pass tar, to generate reproducible archives back from tar-1.27 and up through tar-1.32, the latest released version. However, those options are non-trivial, so we do not want to have to repeat those (and maintain them) in multiple locations. Introduce a helper that can generate a reproducible archive from an input directory. The --pax-option, to set specific PAX headers, does not accept RFC2822 timestamps which value are too away from some fixed point (set atcompile-time?): tar: Time stamp is out of allowed range However, the same timestamps passed as strict compliant ISO 8601 are accepted, so that's what we expect as a date format. Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin.1998@free.fr> Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com> Cc: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> Acked-by: Arnout Vandecappelle (Essensium/Mind) <arnout@mind.be> Reviewed-by: Vincent Fazio <vfazio@xes-inc.com> ---8<------8<------8<------8<--- # Here is a Makefile used to test all the versions of tar, with # different output formats and different sets of options: # Versions prior to 1.27 do not build on recent machines, because # 'gets()' got removed (rightfully so), so don't count them as # candidates. VERSIONS = 1.27 1.27.1 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 DATE = Thu 21 May 2020 06:44:11 PM CEST TARS = \ $(patsubst %,test_gnu_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) \ $(patsubst %,test_posix_paxoption_%.tar,$(VERSIONS)) all: $(TARS) sha1sum $(^) .INTERMEDIATE: test_%.tar test_gnu_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=gnu \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ -T list \ >$(@) test_posix_paxoption_%.tar: tar.% list ./$(<) cf - -C test \ --transform="s#^\./#test-version/#" \ --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 \ --mtime="$(DATE)" \ --format=posix \ --pax-option='delete=atime,delete=ctime,delete=mtime' \ --pax-option='exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,exthdr.mtime={$(DATE)}' \ -T list \ >$(@) list: .FORCE list: test (cd test && find . -not -type d ) |LC_ALL=C sort >$(@) LONG = L$$(for i in $$(seq 1 200); do printf 'o'; done)ng test: .FORCE test: rm -rf test mkdir -p test/bar echo foo >test/Foo echo bar >test/bar/Bar ln -s bar/Bar test/buz echo long >test/Very-$(LONG)-filename ln test/Very-$(LONG)-filename \ test/short .PRECIOUS: tar.% tar.%: tar-% cd $(<) && ./configure $(MAKE) -C $(<) install -m 0755 $(<)/src/tar $(@) .PRECIOUS: tar-% tar-%: tar-%.tar.gz tar xzf $(<) .PRECIOUS: tar-%.tar.gz tar-%.tar.gz: wget "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/$(@)" .FORCE: clean: rm -rf tar-* tar.* test_* test list ---8<------8<------8<------8<---
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# Keep this line and the following as last lines in this file.
# vim: ft=bash